History of FYKOS
The FYKOS group has a rich history of organizing physics competitions and other educational events for high school students for over 38 years. From its humble beginnings as a small group of students, it has gradually grown into a team of dozens of organizers who contribute to the organization of many educational activities each year.
On this page, you will find a detailed description of all the years of FYKOS, grouped by the head organizer (a student of MFF UK who led FYKOS at that time).
Formation of FYKOS
In the school year 1986/87, a group of students from MFF UK, led by Leoš Dvořák (a scientific researcher at the Department of Theoretical Physics) and David Vokrouhlický (a student of the Department of Astronomy), decided to organize a physics correspondence competition for high school students at MFF UK, following the example of the mathematical seminar. However, in this year, fewer series were held compared to later years, and no camp was organized. Nevertheless, around a hundred students already participated in the seminar. This year was later referred to as the zeroth year of FKS (the original abbreviation for FYKOS).
Interestingly, the older brother of Pavel Krtouš, Zdeněk Krtouš, was involved in the creation of the mathematical correspondence seminar, which served as a model for David Vokrouhlický when founding FKS. A year later, a group of enthusiastic students consisting of Pavel Krtouš, Přemysl Dědic, and Tomáš Kopf learned about Leoš Dvořák's activities and took over the seminar, shaping it into its current form to a large extent.
1987 – 1990 (Pavel Krtouš)
The head organizer of FYKOS was Pavel Krtouš. Leoš Dvořák served as the head of FYKOS until 1995. To avoid confusion, let us explain that the term "head organizer" refers to a student of MFF UK who coordinates other organizers and oversees the operation of the entire group. On the other hand, the head of FYKOS is a more formal position, which can only be held by an employee of the faculty responsible for finances and official communication (note that in the present, even the financial and communication matters are too almost exclusively handled by the organizers themselves). During this time, when FYKOS was still called FKS, finances were obtained through FV SSM (the faculty committee of the Socialist Union of Youth). Regarding how the problem sets and sample solutions were written, Pavel Krtouš expressed it as follows: "Speaking of technical details, the typewriter used to create the competition was an old amazing Remington with specially modified Czech and mathematical characters (i.e., some hammers with originally German characters were modified to display new characters, taking into account that my brother wanted to write a mathematical seminar on that typewriter)." In later years, the problem sets were often copied at the reprographic center in the building of MFF UK in Malá Strana. In the early years, they were sometimes copied secretly at the company where Pavel's father worked. The reason was that obtaining permission to copy at MFF UK involved lengthy administrative procedures. For the database of participants, a program written by Přemysl Dědic on the ZX Spectrum was used.
1990 – 1992 (Jan Slovák)
During the 3rd year of leading the competition after Pavel Krtouš, Jan Slovák took over. After the Velvet Revolution, the financing of FYKOS was transferred to the Union of Czech Mathematicians and Physicists. The thematic problems began to be called "Serials to be continued". Since most of the organizers were theoretical physics students, they started using the computer lab of the department for their work. As a result, in the 5th year, the T602 program began to replace the inconvenient typewriter. The solver database was also transferred to PCs. In June 1993, Honza Slovák, David Maxera, Petr Hellinger, and Marek Polášek received the Minister of Education's award for organizing FKS.
1992 – 1993 (Vojtěch Pravda)
Already during the 5th year of FYKOS, Vojtěch Pravda's team also organized the competition, and he took over the leadership in the fall of 1992. During the sixth year of the competition, the production of commentaries completely switched to computers. Starting from the 6th year, graders were allowed to give more points for excellently solved problems than to diligent students.
1993 – 1995 (Filip Münz)
Filip Münz and his team brought several significant changes to FYKOS. Thanks to Filip, the 7th and the following two years were written in the Word editor. Since then, we have had an electronic archive, for which Filip deserves eternal glory. The solver database was transferred to Excel, which lasted until the 15th year. In the eighth year, thanks to Filip, Petr Žemla, and Petr Macháček, a physics club for high school students from Prague and its surroundings started to be organized regularly. The same year, yearbooks with the problem statements and solutions to all problems started to be published. During Filip's tenure, FYKOS (at least unofficially) obtained room number 1121 at the Department of Theoretical Physics. The organizing team met there every Wednesday.
1995 – 1996 (Miroslav Beláň)
This period, led by Miroslav Beláň (Halef), was revolutionary in many ways. In the ninth year, part of the competition's expenses was covered by a grant from the Charter 77 Foundation. In the tenth year, the financing of the competition was transferred to the promotional department of the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, which meant better support and less concern about lack of funds. A competition for the new logo of FYKOS was organized with the second series of the ninth year, and Svatava Vyvialová's design won. The competitions's mascot became Matouš Jirák's design - a pterodactyl, without which we can't imagine the problem statements today.
On February 21, 1996, Radek Lopušník organized the first Day with Experimental Physics, a tradition that continues to this day. From March 31 to April 6, 1996, thanks to Halef's initiative, the most successful solvers went on a trip to CERN. The fifth, open, problem returned to the series thanks to Halef's initiative. At the suggestion of Petr Žemla, an experimental problem started to be regularly assigned. The results list was divided into four categories according to the year of study at a four-year high school. Last but not least, at the beginning of the ninth year, Jan Obdržálek, now a member of the Institute of Theoretical Physics, became the new head of the seminar. He was then succeeded by Pavel Krtouš, who led FYKOS until 2008.
In the ninth year, Halef introduced mass correspondence as the number of solvers was decreasing, resulting in a shortage of organizers. Personal promotion also took place at most Prague high schools. In 1997, Filip Münz programmed the Automatic Expedition System of the Promotion Department (AESOP), a database of contacts for teachers, students, and schools. Using AESOP, the Promotion Department sent mail until 2017.
In the tenth year, the problem statements and solutions received a new look, as Halef decided to start creating them in TeX, which continues to this day. Thanks to Halef, Filip, and Tomáš Kočka, a physics club for high school students from Prague and its surroundings started to be organized regularly. Halef led the TeX team, and Karel Houfek became the main TeX expert.
1996 – 1998 (Jan Hradil)
In the 10th year, after Halef, Honza Hradil took over as the head organizer. Besides being an excellent driving force for the seminar, Honza is particularly credited with popularizing FYKOS among the online community. In the 10th year, he created the FYKOS website, which has evolved into the one you are currently viewing after several iterations. The email address fykos@mff.cuni.cz first appeared in the problem statements of the 5th series of the 10th year. In November 1997, an email conference for FYKOS organizers, fykos-l@kolej.mff.cuni.cz (no longer in use), was established and served for many years. The physics club was led by Luboš Zrnečko with the assistance of Jindra Kolorenč.
1998 – 2000 (Jiří Franta)
During these years, the seminar was led by Jiří Franta. He referred to his leadership as a period of stabilization after turbulent development. An attempt was made to promote the seminar in English-speaking countries, but the proposal did not catch on at that time. Thanks to Jirka, from the summer of 1999, a group of organizers went on an annual canoe trip along one of the Czech rivers (Lužnice, Vltava, Otava, Lužnice, Ohře). FYKOS Christmas parties started to be organized, and this tradition continues to this day. Petr Janeček was the TeX expert. The physics club was led by Jana Gřondilová and Pavel Bubák, who handed it over to the Department of Physics Education in 2001.
2000 – 2002 (Jan Prokleška)
After Jirka, Honza Prokleška took over as the head organizer. The rise of the internet in high schools led us to allow solvers to submit their solutions electronically in the 15th year. In the fall of 2001, an email conference for solvers, fykos-l@mff.cuni.cz (no longer in use), was created. Honza Houštěk rewrote the TeX macros, and together with Karel Honzl and Honza Prokleška, they typeset the TeX files. Ondra Pejchal became the webmaster of our website. We obtained a new (smaller) room, number 1106, at the Institute of Theoretical Physics.
2002 – 2004 (Jan Houštěk)
During this period, FYKOS was led by Honza Houštěk. Starting from the 16th year, FYKOS began using an SQL database of solvers, thanks to Tomáš Matoušek. The database was shared with the Promotion Department and other correspondence seminars and had a web interface, allowing access from anywhere at any time.
2004 – 2007 (Jan Prachař)
During this period, the main organizer was Honza Prachař. Honza Hradil translated the problem statements into English. Karel Tůma was the webmaster of our website. Starting from the 18th year, FYKOS yearbooks were published by MatfyzPress publishing house. The database of FYKOS problems (starting from the 7th year) was created by Karel Tůma, Jiří Lipovský, and Honza Prachař, allowing for text search in problem statements. Solutions to individual problems started to appear on the website at least a week before they were sent to the participants by mail. In the spring of 2005, Honza Prachař and Vojta Molda completely redesigned the website.
In 2006, for the second time in FYKOS history, an off-site training camp with a visit to CERN was organized. The organizers were Honza Prachař and Pavel Brom, but the main coordinator was RNDr. Jiří Dolejší, and the finances were provided by PhDr. Alena Havlíčková. In the 20th year, two new events were organized - FYKOSí Fyziklání (a three-hour physics competition for five-member teams from high schools organized at MFF UK; now called Fyziklani) and Week with Applied Physics (following DSEF, visits to scientific and technical institutions throughout the Czech Republic) - which subsequently became traditional FYKOS events.
2007 – 2010 (Aleš Podolník)
The Head Organizer was Aleš Podolník. The Head of FYKOS was Přemysl Kolorenč (since 2008). FYKOS was still funded by the Department of External Relations and Promotion, led by Alena Havlíčková, with some support from ČEZ Group. Each year, two training camps, Week with Applied Physics (until 2009), Den s experimentální fyzikou, and FYKOSí Fyziklání, were organized. The experimental section was coordinated by Pavel Brom. The FYKOS organizing team consisted mainly of former participants. Booklets were typeset in TeX by Tomáš Jirotka using macros created by Honza Houštěk. Marek Nečada, Jakub Michálek, and Lukáš Ledvina helped with proofreading. The problem statements were translated into English by Honza Hradil.
2010 – 2013 (Karel Kolář)
The Head Organizer was Karel Kolář. The Head of FYKOS was Přemysl Kolorenč. A newly introduced position, Deputy Head Organizer, was held by Aleš Flandera from December 2012. FYKOS was still funded by the Department of External Relations and Promotion at MFF UK, led by Alena Havlíčková, and partially by ČEZ Group. It became fixed that FYKOS is written as FYKOS and not Fykos or FyKoS.
FYKOS continued to organize two training camps, Day with Experimental Physics and Fyziklání. In the 25th year, Week with Applied Physics returned, and a new tradition of team-based online physics competition, Physics Brawl Online, was established. Many other improvements and innovations took place. With the creation of the FYKOS section for primary schools - Výfuk (Výpočty fyzikálních úkolů), events for primary school students were also organized (Výfuk camps, weekend meetings, and MFnáboj). Marek Nečada was the head of Výfuk. The experimental section was coordinated by Pavel Brom, and later taken over by Tereza Steinhartová. The FYKOS organizing team consisted mainly of former participants, but there was an effort to recruit other students as well (e.g., f(Aleš)). Booklets were typeset in TeX by Michal Koutný using macros that he modified, but were based on earlier macros. TeX typesetting was later taken over by Tomáš Pikálek. Proofreading was done by Marek Nečada (language and technical), Dominika Kalasová (language), Lukáš Ledvina (technical), and Jakub Vošmera (technical). The problem statements were translated into English by Jakub Doležal.
2013 – 2015 (Aleš Flandera)
The Head Organizer was Aleš Flandera, with Karel Kolář as the Deputy Head Organizer. The Head of FYKOS was still Přemysl Kolorenč. FYKOS was still funded by the Department of External Relations and Promotion at MFF UK, led by Alena Havlíčková, and partially by ČEZ Group until 2014. FYKOS continued to organize two training camps, Day with Experimental Physics, Fyziklání, Physics Brawl Online, and Náboj Physics. The Week with Applied Physics was organized based on the availability of additional funding. The head of Výfuk was Patrik Švančara until the separation of Výfuk from FYKOS on January 1, 2014. The experimental section was coordinated by Tereza Steinhartová, with significant help from Erik Hendrych. Booklets were typeset in TeX by Tomáš Pikálek. Proofreading was done by Dominika Kalasová (language), Lukáš Ledvina (technical), Jakub Vošmera (technical), and Miroslav Hanzelka (technical and language). The problem statements were translated into English by Jakub Doležal.
2015 – 2016 (Miroslav Hanzelka)
The Head Organizer was Miroslav Hanzelka, with Aleš Flandera as the Deputy Head Organizer. The Head of FYKOS was still Přemysl Kolorenč. FYKOS was still funded by the Department of External Relations and Promotion at MFF UK, led by PhDr. Alena Havlíčková. Both Fyziklání events were co-organized and co-financed by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports. The Category A competition of FYKOSí Fyziklání was included in the Excellence Program for high schools. Each year, two training camps, Day with Experimental Physics, FYKOSí Fyziklání, Physics Brawl Online, and Náboj Physics, took place. A new addition to the repertoire was the Náboj Physics competition, originally from Slovakia, and an expanded physics seminar for graduating classes. The experimental section was led by Erik Hendrych. Booklets were typeset in TeX by Markéta Calábková. Proofreading was done by Kristína Nešporová (language), Šimon Knoška (language SK), Miroslav Hanzelka (technical and language), Jakub Dolejší (technical), and Filip Ayazi (technical). The problem statements were translated into English by Petr Doležal.
2017 (Daniel Dupkala)
The Head Organizer was Daniel Dupkala, with Jakub Dolejší as the Deputy Head Organizer. The Head of FYKOS was still Přemysl Kolorenč. FYKOS was still funded by the Department of External Relations and Promotion at MFF UK, led by PhDr. Alena Havlíčková, and also by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports. Some competition categories were included in the Excellence Program for high schools. Two training camps, Day with Experimental Physics, FYKOSí Fyziklání, Physics Brawl Online, Náboj Physics, and lectures for high schools, were organized each year. Week with Applied Physics was also organized in Prague and its surroundings. The experimental section was led by Erik Hendrych. Booklets were typeset in TeX by Markéta Calábková. Proofreading was done by Kristína Nešporová (language), Šimon Knoška (language SK), Miroslav Hanzelka (technical and language), Jakub Dolejší (technical), and Filip Ayazi (technical). The problem statements were translated into English by Petr Doležal. A new FYKOS website was launched in May.
2017 - 2021 (Daniela Dupkalová (formerly Pittnerová))
Since 2018, Daniela Dupkalová has been the head organizer of FYKOS, with Daniel Dupkala as her deputy, together and Martin Vaněk in the 34th year. Přemysl Kolorenč continued to be the Head of FYKOS. The Department of External Relations and Promotion (OVVP) at MFF UK was merged with the Department of Media Communication (OMK) on December 31, 2017. From January 1, 2018, FYKOS has been funded through the Department of Promotion and Media Communication (OPMK). Every year, if not prevented by COVID-19, FYKOS still organized two training camps, Day with Experimental Physics, FYKOSí Fyziklání (renamed to Fyziklani in 2019), Physics Brawl Online, and lectures for high schools. The Week with Applied Physics was also held in Prague and its surroundings. Fyziklání expanded internationally and was organized in English as well. Erik Hendrych led the experimental section. Booklets were typeset in TeX by Markéta Calábková and Matěj Rzehulka.
2021 - ? (Martin Vaněk)
The Head Organizer is Martin Vaněk. The Deputy was first Daniela Dupkalová, and later Vojtěch David and Elena Chochoľaková (only in year 36). The Head of FYKOS is still Přemysl Kolorenč. FYKOS is still under the Institute of Theoretical Physics at MFF UK and the Department of Promotion and Media Communication (OPMK) at MFF UK. FYKOS events in this period continue their significant growth, which started with the previous two Head Organizers - Fyziklani (led first by Daniel Dupkala and then by Vojtěch David) had over a thousand participants from more than twenty countries in 2023, and Physics Brawl Online (led by Kateřina Charvátová) reached over 4500 participants from over 60 countries in the same year. Each year, the traditional events Day with Experimental Physics, Náboj Physics, and two camps are still organized. In 2023, internships at MFF UK for the best participants in the experimental problems of FYKOS were organized. However, lectures for high school students and Week with Applied Physics are currently not organized.