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We are going to the north pole. Having snowmobile helping to bring them north, we need into the cooler some antifreeze. What is the ideal concentration of alcohol in water, more precisely what is dependence of melting point on alcohol concentration? If you have good freezer, then measure, what concentration will freeze at some specific temperature.

Do not forgot, that this task is experimental.

The capillary of medical thermometer is at its bottom thinner, to stop mercury to return back to the reservoir at the base, which allows us to read the maximum reached temperature. From June 2009 it is forbidden to sell such thermometers. At this historical occasion, take the opportunity and explain us, why the capillary narrowing works only in one direction – only when heating. Because while cooling down the mercury cannot go through the narrow point back.

Marek has a piston of area $S$ filled with ideal gas in equilibrium ($p$, $V$ a $T)$. On this piston a stone falls down from the height $h$. Mass of stone is $m(see$ picture). Piston is pushed down and then comes up again and remains in a new position. How depends this new position on the mass of stone and the falling height? Is it possible for piston to become in equilibrium higher then the original position? How will change the temperature of gas?

How will the temperature increase, if there are two person under duvet instead of one.

Assume a pressure cooker, which is filled with half of water and remaining half is filled with air. Then it is closed that no water vapor or air can escape. The cooker with water is slowly heated. At what temperature will water start to boil? What phases are present inside the pressure cooker during increasing temperature?

In this question we investigate influence of temperature on to moment of inertia of a metal body. Lets have an axe going through the body. How will change the moment of inertia $J$ when the temperature is increased by $ΔT$, if the coefficient of thermal expansion of metal is $α$. If you have problem with a arbitrary shape of body, consider sphere of cylinder.

One of organizers recently upgraded his windows in his house. They are now double-glazed. The space between two glass tables can be filled by inert gas or vacuum. Suggest a method to distinguish between these two types windows (without destroying windows).

Albert Einstein in his retirement (in contrary to his peers working in the back gardens) still enjoyed solving difficult puzzles. In winter he noticed that water heated directly in fire gets war very slowly and the efficiency is small.

He decided to try other method: Take ideal heat machine and use boiler and air as hot and cold reservoir. Then use the gain work to another ideal heat engine which will get heat from air and transfer it to water. If the temperature of boiler, water and air is $T_{1}$, $T_{2}$ and $T_{3}$, what is efficiency of water heating? Does it conflict with second thermodynamic law?

A PET bottle was left at a window in a well heated room. The temperature outside is well bellow zero Celsius. Someone opened the window and forget to close it and temperature in the room is now also well under zero. What is relative change of volume of bottle at a window?

Calculate the efficiency of a machine working between two thermal baths of temperatures $T_{1}$ and $T_{2}$, $T_{1}>T_{2}$ which is making biggest possible power. To final equation substitute data from some known power station.

Do not forgot, that Carnot's engine has zero output, because at isothermal process the difference of temperatures between the engine and the bath is infinitesimally small which causes infinitesimally small heat flux causing infinitesimally small output power of the engine.